安装步骤：
　　（系统要求：Linux 2.6+ 内核，本文中的Linux操作系统为CentOS 4.4）

　　一、获取相关开源程序：
　　1、下载程序源码包到当前目录：
　　本文中提到的所有开源软件为截止到2007年11月25日的最新稳定版。我将它们打了两个压缩包。

　　第一个压缩包：nginx-php-1.zip
　　下载地址：http://ishare.iask.sina.com.cn/cgi-bin/fileid.cgi?fileid=2746375

　　第二个压缩包：nginx-php-2.zip
　　下载地址：http://ishare.iask.sina.com.cn/cgi-bin/fileid.cgi?fileid=2746370

　　附：各开源软件单独下载地址（如果下载了以上两个压缩包，则无需下载以下软件）：
　　http://down.s135.com/linux/nginx-php/ （登录用户名、密码均为blog.s135.com）

　　2、解压缩：

mkdir -p /data0/software
cd /data0/software
unzip nginx-php-1.zip
unzip nginx-php-2.zip
cd /data0/software/nginx-php

　　二、安装PHP 5.2.5（FastCGI模式）
　　1、编译安装PHP 5.2.5所需的支持库：

tar zxvf libiconv-1.11.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.11/
./configure –prefix=/usr/local
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf freetype-2.3.5.tar.gz
cd freetype-2.3.5/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf libpng-1.2.20.tar.gz
cd libpng-1.2.20/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz
cd jpeg-6b/
./configure –enable-static –enable-shared
make
make install
make install-lib
cd ../

tar zxvf libxml2-2.6.30.tar.gz
cd libxml2-2.6.30/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make
make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure –enable-ltdl-install
make
make install
cd ../../

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.tar.gz
cd mhash-0.9.9/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

cp /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.* /usr/lib
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.6.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.6/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

　　2、编译安装MySQL 5.0.45

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql
/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql
tar zxvf mysql-5.0.45.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.0.45
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ –without-debug –with-unix-socket-path=/tmp/mysql.sock –with-client-ldflags=-all-static –with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static –enable-assembler –with-extra-charsets=gbk,gb2312,utf8 –with-pthread –enable-thread-safe-client
make && make install
chmod +w /usr/local/webserver/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql
cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /usr/local/webserver/mysql/my.cnf
cd ../

　　附：以下为附加步骤，如果你想在这台服务器上运行MySQL数据库，则执行以下两步。如果你只是希望让PHP支持MySQL扩展库，能够连接其他服务器上的MySQL数据库，那么，以下两步无需执行。
　　①、以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表：

/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db –defaults-file=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/my.cnf –basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql –datadir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/data –user=mysql –pid-file=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/mysql.pid –skip-locking –port=3306 –socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

　　②、启动MySQL（最后的&表示在后台运行）

/bin/sh /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe –defaults-file=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/my.cnf &

　　3、编译安装PHP（FastCGI模式）

tar zxvf php-5.2.5.tar.gz
cd php-5.2.5/
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php –with-config-file-path=/usr/local/webserver/php/etc –with-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql –with-iconv-dir=/usr/local –with-freetype-dir –with-jpeg-dir –with-png-dir –with-zlib –with-libxml-dir –enable-xml –disable-debug –disable-rpath –enable-discard-path –enable-safe-mode –enable-bcmath –enable-shmop –enable-sysvsem –enable-inline-optimization –with-curl –with-curlwrappers –enable-mbregex –enable-fastcgi –enable-force-cgi-redirect –enable-mbstring –with-mcrypt
sed -i 's#-lz -lm -lxml2 -lz -lm -lxml2 -lz -lm -lcrypt#& -liconv#' Makefile
make
make install
cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
cd ../

　　4、编译安装PHP5扩展模块

tar zxvf memcache-2.2.1.tgz
cd memcache-2.2.1/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure –with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

cd php-5.2.5/ext/gd/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure –with-jpeg-dir –with-png-dir –with-zlib-dir –with-ttf –with-freetype-dir –with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../../../

　　5、修改php.ini文件
　　手工修改：查找/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"
　　修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"
　　并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：
　　extension = "memcache.so"
　　extension = "gd.so"

　　自动修改：若嫌手工修改麻烦，可执行以下shell命令，自动完成对php.ini文件的修改：

sed -i 's#extension_dir = "./"#extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"
extension = "memcache.so"
extension = "gd.so"
#' /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

　　6、创建www用户和组，以及其使用的目录：

/usr/sbin/groupadd www -g 48
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 48 -g www www
mkdir -p /data0/vshare/htdocs
chmod +w /data0/vshare/htdocs
chown -R www:www /data0/vshare/htdocs

　　7、安装lighttpd中附带的spawn-fcgi，用来启动php-cgi
　　注：压缩包中的spawn-fcgi程序为已经编译成二进制的版本。

cp spawn-fcgi /usr/local/webserver/php/bin
chmod +x /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/spawn-fcgi

　　8、启动php-cgi进程，监听127.0.0.1的10080端口，进程数为64（如果服务器内存小于3GB，可以只开启25个进程），用户为www：

/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/spawn-fcgi -a 127.0.0.1 -p 10080 -C 64 -u www -f /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-cgi

　　三、安装Nginx 0.5.33
　　1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库：

tar zxvf pcre-7.2.tar.gz
cd pcre-7.2/
./configure
make && make install
cd ../

　　2、安装Nginx

tar zxvf nginx-0.5.33.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.5.33/
./configure –user=www –group=www –prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx –with-http_stub_status_module
make && make install
cd ../

　　3、创建Nginx日志目录

mkdir -p /data1/logs
chmod +w /data1/logs
chown -R www:www /data1/logs

　　4、创建Nginx配置文件
　　①、在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目录中创建nginx.conf文件：

rm -f /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

　　输入以下内容：

引用
user www www;

worker_processes 10;

error_log /data1/logs/nginx_error.log crit;

#pid logs/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events
{
use epoll;

worker_connections 51200;
}

http
{
include conf/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;

charset gb2312;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

#sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 60;

tcp_nodelay on;

gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/html application/xml;

server
{
listen 80;
server_name blog.s135.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data0/vshare/htdocs;

if (-d $request_filename)
{
rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;
}

location ~ .*.php?$
{
include conf/fcgi.conf;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:10080;
fastcgi_index index.php;
}

log_format access '$remote_addr – $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /data1/logs/access.log access;
}

server
{
listen 80;
server_name status.blog.s135.com;

location / {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
}
}

　　②、在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件：

vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf

　　输入以下内容：

引用
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;

fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with –enable-force-cgi-redirect
#fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;

　　5、启动Nginx

ulimit -SHn 51200
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

　　四、配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHP

vi /etc/rc.local

　　在末尾增加以下内容：

引用
ulimit -SHn 51200
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/spawn-fcgi -a 127.0.0.1 -p 10080 -C 64 -u www -f /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-cgi
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

　　五、优化Linux内核参数

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

　　在末尾增加以下内容：

引用
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 300
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 5000 65000

　　使配置立即生效：

/sbin/sysctl -p

　　六、在不停止Nginx服务的情况下平滑变更Nginx配置
　　(1)、修改/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后，请执行以下命令检查配置文件是否正确：

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

　　如果屏幕显示以下两行信息，说明配置文件正确：
　　the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
　　the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully

　　(2)、这时，输入以下命令查看Nginx主进程号：

ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process" | grep -v "grep" | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}'

　　屏幕显示的即为Nginx主进程号，例如：
　　6302
　　这时，执行以下命令即可使修改过的Nginx配置文件生效：

kill -HUP 6302